Homemwork~ Class Discussion

 Today in class we went over all the answers to the homework in class. Mr. Wojo he thinks we should wear a jump suit for uniform! He also showed us a flag that helped us remember the story of the two twin brothers that were fed by wolves.( it was a flag of two pwoplw milking a cow but it looked like to people were drinking from the cow) We had a pop quiz in class. It wasn't bad. It was easy.
Homework!
Define:
Consul: The two officials of Rome instead of a king

Veto: Overrule; "I forbid" 

Senate: aristocratic branch of Rome's government

Assembly: The democratic side of Roman government 

Dictator: A leader who had absolute power to make laws and command the army

Mercenaries: Soldiers who fight in any country's army for pay

SPQR: the letters on the Roman coins meaning Senatus Populusque Romanus- the senate and the Roman people

Twelve Tables: 12 laws that established the idea that all free citizens had a right to the protection of the law; helped to settle the conflict between patricians and plebeians 

Cincinnatus: The Roman ideal of a dictator is shown in this STORY- In 458 B.C, when Rome's armies were in peril, the senate named Cincinnatus dictator. He was plowing his four-acre farm when messengers brought him the news. He left his plow, defeated Rome's enemies, and stepped down as dictator in 15 days. He then returned to his farm to plow. 

Gauls: people from the Po River Valley, north of the Apennines; they sacked Rome leaving it in ruins

Pyrrhus: A king in western Greece

Carthage: The former Phoenician colony; near the midpoint of the Mediterranean Sea; had a huge navy of 500 ships and trade made them a very wealthy city 

Monarchy: government by king

Aristocracy: government by nobles

Democracy: government by the people


Questions and Answers:
1. a.Why were many plebeians dissatisfied with Rome's government in the early years of the republic?

In 509 B.C the Roman's drove out their Kings and patricians. Plebeians were barred by law from holding most important positions in government; commanding armies, serving as high priest, or holding high offices. 

b. How did they win reforms?
 The plebeians won a greater share of political power between 494 and 287 B.C. Thousands of plebeians refused to fight in the Roman army unless patricians agreed to certain reforms. 

c. What changes did they bring about in Roman government?

The plebeians gained higher political positions and more favorable laws. Marriage between the two groups was allowed and enslavement by debt was ended so they created a written law code called Twelve Tables.
  

2.Why did Romans consider that they had a balanced government?

The Romans meant that their government was partly a monarchy, partly an aristocracy, and partly a democracy. They believed that this gave them the best features of all kinds of governments.  

3. Once Rome had conquered most of Italy, how did the Roman government win the support of the conquered people?

Different parts of the Italy's conquered territory were subjected to different laws and treatment from Rome. 

4. a. At the start of the Punic Wars, why might Carthage have appeared stronger power?

Carthage had a population of 250,000 which was 3 times the size of Rome and they had a huge navy of 500 ships.

b.Why was Rome, in fact, the victor?

•   Rome could draw on a reserve of more than 500,000 troops made available through its conquests in Italy.
•  Rome's citizen troops were generally more loyal and reliable than the mercenaries employed by Carthage.
• Warfare was Roman specialty.  

5. Why was the Battle of Zama a major turning point in history?

If Hannibal had been the victorious, Carthage would have become the greatest empire in the world, not Rome. Since Rome was victorious, they passed on its laws, its government, and its culture to Western Civilization. 

6. a.Why did the Greeks at first welcome Roman armies?
 Roman armies marching into Macedon looked like protectors of Greek freedom. The Greeks rejoiced in 197 B.C when the Roman's freed them from the rule of Philip V of Macedon.  

b. Why did the Greek attitude change?

 The Romans interfered in Greek politics, and they crashed all opposition to rulers favored by Rome. The hardwork of Roman power in the east became increasingly ruthless. A few Greek city-states tried to free themselves from Rome's hard life.